Phytopythium is a globally distributed genus, species of which occur in various ecological niches. Despite their importance as plant pathogens, information on species diversity and their distribution in West Azarbaijan Province of Iran is limited. This study aimed to investigate the taxonomy and plant pathogenicity of Phytopythium isolates recovered from soils in the province. A polyphasic taxonomy based on morphological, cultural, and multilocus sequence data revealed two new species, described here as P. babaiaharii and P. longitubum. In addition, a putatively new species and five known species, P. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/hs148.html boreale, P. carbonicum, P. mercuriale, P. ostracodes, and P. vexans, were found in the studied region. Phytopythium ostracodes, P. mercuriale, and P. boreale were the three most frequent species isolated from soil, although P. mercuriale was only found in one field. Among the studied species, P. mercuriale, P. ostracodes, and P. vexans exhibited various levels of pathogenicity on sugar beet, sunflower, and tomato, and P. boreale was documented for first time as a plant pathogen. Phytopythium ostracodes was highly aggressive on sugar beet and sunflower but lowly aggressive on tomato, whereas P. vexans exhibited high aggressiveness toward the three crop plants. Both P. boreale and P. mercuriale were found to be lowly aggressive on the host plants. The results indicated that members of Phytopythium, particularly plant-pathogenic species, are common in arable soils of West Azarbaijan Province and can pose a threat to agricultural crops in the region.Bimetallic or alloy nanoparticles (NPs) have improved properties compared to their monometallic forms. Microalgae being rich in biocompatible reductants and being ecofriendly are potential sources to synthesize fuctionalized NPs. In this study, biosynthesis of silver, gold, and bimetallic NPs was carried out via bioreduction using aqueous extract of algal isolate Chlorella acidophile, inhabitant of non-arable land. C. acidophile is known to contain highly bioactive functional moieties, which can serve as nanobiofactories for metallic NPs. Various characterization techniques viz, UV-visible spectrophotometer, X-ray diffraction analysis, X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy were employed to determine their composition, structure, and crystal phase. The monometallic and bimetallic particles were found to be crystalline state and generally in a spherical shape. Their size ranged from 5 to 45?nm and the corresponding FTIR spectra indicated that the specific organic functional groups from algal extract were involved in the bio-reduction. Furthermore, the core-shell in the case of Au-Ag NPs was formed due to the simultaneous reduction of gold and silver ions. An enhanced and more pronounced Raman spectra of Au-Ag NP compared to individual Au NP indicated the improved properties of bimetallic NPs, the latter having been of immense potential to be used as sensors in industries.Objective This study aimed to assess the knowledge of Chinese dentists on human papilloma virus (HPV), their willingness and factors prevention them from recommending patients for HPV vaccination, and to identify ways through which dentists can acquire HPV-related knowledge.Methods This was a cross-sectional study based on Chinese dentists. The anonymous self-filled questionnaire method was used to collect demographic information of participants, their knowledge of HPV, willingness and barriers to recommending HPV vaccines to patients, and the strategies they can adopt to obtain HPV-related knowledge.Results A total of 517 dentists completed the questionnaire, and 89.94% of dentists were willing to recommend HPV vaccination to patients. Participants aged 30-39 years, male dentists and dentist-in-charge had relatively lower knowledge scores than other groups. Besides, participants aged 30-39 years, working in private hospitals, and practicing in Southern China had a lower willingness to recommend HPV vaccination to patients. Recommending HPV vaccination to patients is not within the scope of practicing dentists, and concerns about the safety of the HPV vaccine were found to be the main barriers preventing its recommendation. Notably, 97.87% of dentists were eager to acquire HPV-related knowledge, and agreed for the first time to enroll in relevant educational courses.Conclusion Chinese dentists had expressed a strong desire to recommend HPV vaccines to patients, even though their knowledge of HPV was scanty. Therefore, measures to improve their understanding of HPV vaccines and eliminate barriers suppressing their willingness to recommend HPV vaccines are urgently needed.Objectives We aimed to address whether increased task difficulty is sufficient to induce heightened conscious control and influence gait performance in older adults through the manipulations of either task difficulty or attentional focus. Method Fifty older adults, split into high- (HR) and low-reinvestor (LR) groups, performed a walking task on a 7.4 m straight walkway in two conditions firm level-ground surface (GW) and foam surface (FW). They subsequently performed the same walking task under two attentional focus conditions Internal focus (IF) and External focus (EF). Electroencephalography (EEG) T3-Fz and T4-Fz coherences were used to indicate real-time conscious motor control and visual-spatial control, respectively. Results We observed significantly higher T3-Fz and T4-Fz coherences under FW compared to GW. HR reduced their gait speed at a greater extent than LR under FW. Significantly lower T3-Fz coherence and faster gait were demonstrated under EF compared to IF. LR walked slower under IF compared to Baseline while gait speed of HR did not differ. Discussion Visual-spatial and conscious movement processing increase as a function of task difficulty during gait. Our findings also advocate the use of external focus instructions in clinical settings, with the potential to reduce conscious control and promote movement automaticity, even in relatively complex gait tasks.This pilot study aimed to determine the effects of a nursing care program based on the Theory of Human Caring (THC) on chemotherapy symptoms, hope, and meaning in life in women diagnosed with gynecologic cancer.
This pilot study was conducted in a single-blinded, randomized controlled trial on 52 women diagnosed with gynecologic cancer in Turkey. In the present study, the experimental group was given a nursing care program based on the THC alongside routine nursing care for five sessions, while the control group received solely routine nursing care. Data were collected using the Chemotherapy Symptom Assessment Scale, the Herth Hope Scale, and the Life Attitude Profile.
There was a statistically significant decrease in the frequency, severity, and degree of discomfort of some chemotherapy symptoms in the experimental group. In addition, the mean scores of hope and meaning in life were significantly higher in the study group compared to the control group.
This study revealed that a nursing care program based on the Theory of Human Caring might be of benefit for decreasing the frequency, intensity, and discomfort level of some chemotherapy symptoms, and also for improving the level of hope and meaning in life in women diagnosed with gynecologic cancer.